Population growth was one of the most important features of the Neolithic in Iraq. Agricultural Revolution led to several developments according to excavation as in the increase of population and transportations. Therefore, this growth is the outcome of long material and intellectual efforts caveing social change based on obviously on a human interaction with environment. Iraq witnessed extensive progress in all economical and social aspects of life which had a clear impact in population growth later. Food production was one of the basic factors in that era in Iraq and ancient near east as primary evidences proved that. Moreover, agricultural development, animal domestication, pottery, took invention, architecture and exchange concepts and the development social, intellectual and technical concepts represented the most important indices of the Neolithic i. e. in Iraq according to scientific evidence based on the archaeological excavations results of early agricultural inhabited villages.