Water diplomacy: A study to strengthen the position of the Iraqi negotiator in resolving water disputes with Turkey

This article investigates the geopolitical tensions stemming from Turkeys water infrastructure initiatives particularly the Southeast Anatolia Project (GAP) dams and their implications for transboundary water negotiations with Iraq. The study critically assesses Iraqs negotiation strategies by examining relevant international legal frameworks, customary international law, and the specific legal gaps that Turkey has utilized to its advantage. In addition, the research explores innovative, technology-driven solutions aimed at fostering international cooperation and improving Iraqs negotiating position. Through the use of virtual negotiation simulations, the study provides practical insights to support Iraq in future diplomatic engagements. The findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach that combines legal, diplomatic, and technical strategies to safeguard Iraqs water rights and enhance its leverage in current and future negotiations.