Hassan Taha, Salam. “King Turan Shah Al-Ayyubi and His Position on the Crusader Invasion of Egypt 648 AH / 1250 CE”. Adab Al-Rafidayn 35, no. 41.1 (April 1, 2005): 301–318. Accessed September 28, 2025. https://jwups.uomosul.edu.iq/index.php/radab/article/view/31926.