Referential Cohesive Devices In Efl Learnes' Writing
Abstract
This research paper investigates how properly students use referential cohesive devices in their essays and what is the frequency of using each type of these devices. Fifteen essays from second year students of the Translation Department of the College of Languages of Duhok University were collected. After collecting essays, all the cohesive devices are classified according to their three types personal pronouns, demonstratives, and comparatives. The frequency of using each cohesive device is detected by a statistic procedure. The Microsoft Word program is used to encode the data. Then the Microsoft Excel program is used to draw a chart in order to visualize the results. Generally speaking, the findings show that the frequency of using personal pronouns as a cohesive device is the highest one among all the three types of referential cohesive devices. In addition to this, a large number of students have avoided using demonstratives and comparatives. Such results show lack of familiarity of students with these referential cohesive devices which affect the organization of their essays.