This research deals with the role that the Islamic-Arab Civilizations plays through the writings of the historian Al-Sakhawi. The research included several issues such as the importance and the benefit of history among other sciences, also the conditions the historian should have the foremost of which fair-mindedness, precession and not to overdo in scrutiny, and in criticism. In addition to the good knowledge whereby he narrates the events.Moreover, the paper deals with the practical side in the writings of Al-Sakhawi through the returning to some of the biographies of historians which can be found in books like Al-Dhaoa Al-Lamia. Similarly, the research considers the opinion of the Islamic law concerning writing history because Al-Sakhawi has listed writings history among the five essential Islamic Rules, i.e. (Wajb) the compulsory duty (Al-Mustahab) the recommended, (Al-Makroh) the reprehensive, (Al-Mubah) the permissive and (Al-Haram) the forbidden.Also, the research explains some of the conditions that the contemporary Muslim historian should have.